Commodities

Commodities are raw materials or basic goods used in commerce that people buy and sell. They serve as the foundation for various products and services. Some of the most actively traded commodities include gold, silver, crude oil (U.S. & Brent), copper, and natural gas.

For investors, commodities provide an opportunity to diversify their portfolios beyond traditional stocks and bonds. Since commodity prices often move independently of stock markets, many traders use them as a hedge during periods of economic uncertainty.

Categories of Commodities

Metals and Energies

Commodities are classified into different categories, with precious metals and energy products being among the most significant:

  • Metals (Spot & Precious Metals): Gold and silver are widely traded because they act as a hedge against inflation and economic instability. Investors often turn to these metals during financial downturns.

  • Energy (Oil & Natural Gas): Crude oil and natural gas play a crucial role in the global economy. Their prices are influenced by supply-demand dynamics, geopolitical events, and economic trends.

How to Trade Commodities

Commodity trading, particularly through CFDs (Contracts for Difference), allows traders to speculate on price movements without owning the physical asset.

Factors Affecting Commodity Prices

Understanding the forces driving commodity prices is essential for traders:

  • Economic Trends: A growing economy increases demand for oil, raising prices, while slowdowns may lead to price drops.

  • Geopolitical Events: Wars, trade disputes, and sanctions can disrupt supply chains and impact commodity prices.

  • Inflation & Currency Strength: A weaker currency often drives up the price of commodities like gold, as investors seek safe-haven assets.

Example: Trading Gold

Suppose gold is trading at $800 per ounce, and you decide to go long (buy) at this price.

If the price rises to $810 per ounce, your profit would be:
($810 – $800) × 100 ounces = $1,000

Conversely, if the price drops to $790 per ounce, your loss would be:
($790 – $800) × 100 ounces = -$1,000

Benefits of Trading Commodities

  • High Volatility: Commodity markets experience frequent price swings, creating opportunities for traders.

  • Leverage Trading: CFDs allow traders to control larger positions with a smaller capital investment.

  • Flexible Trading Hours: Like forex, many commodity markets operate nearly 24/5, enabling global access.

  • Portfolio Diversification: Commodity prices often have low correlation with stock markets, providing a hedge against market downturns.

Risks of Trading Commodities

  • Market Volatility: Price fluctuations can result in significant gains or losses.

  • Leverage Risks: While leverage increases profit potential, it also magnifies losses.

  • Geopolitical & Economic Uncertainty: Unexpected global events can lead to rapid and unpredictable price changes.